基于含苯并噻二唑单元聚对苯撑乙炔的汞离子多模式化学传感器的研究

设计并合成了一种新型的主链含有苯并噻二唑单元的聚对苯撑乙炔共轭聚合物,在可见光下聚合物的氯仿溶液呈现出黄橙色,并且在紫外灯照射下发射出较强的黄光.通过吸收光谱、荧光光谱以及荧光寿命,对这种聚合物的汞离子传感性能做了详细研究,实现了对汞离子的比色、荧光和寿命的多模式检测,同时通过选择性及抗干扰实验,证明这种汞离子传感器具有高的选择性及抗干扰性能.这一共轭聚合物对汞离子的检测机理是通过汞离子与聚合物链中硫原子选择性络合而导致聚合物主链之间的聚集,进而导致聚合物的光物理性质发生变化.     

基于萘二酰胺衍生物的氟离子荧光传感器

设计合成了一个以萘酰胺衍生物为荧光团,硫脲基团为键合基团的荧光化学传感器1.化学传感器1对氟离子表现出了较好的荧光响应性.随着氟离子浓度的增加,荧光强度先表现为增强,这是由于氟离子加入后可以和化学传感器1中硫脲基团上的氢原子形成氢键,从而增强了萘酰胺4-位取代基的给电子能力.随着氟离子浓度的继续增加,化学传感器1表现为荧光强度的降低.在对磷酸二氢根离子的实验中,化学传感器1则没有表现出较明显的荧光变化.     

基于氟硼二吡咯的水溶性高灵敏汞离子荧光探针

以氟硼二吡咯作为荧光基团、以肼基作为活性基团设计、合成了一种可用于物质的量高灵敏地检测水溶液中汞离子的荧光探针(MS).该探针在水溶液中5 min内基本可以完成对汞离子的检测,随着汞离子浓度的增加,溶液紫外吸收明显红移,荧光强度大大增强.即使体系中汞离子物质的量浓度在0.1μmol/L时,溶液荧光强度也有明显变化,说明该探针具有很高的灵敏度.另外选择性实验表明该探针在相同条件下对其他常见金属离子没有明显响应,说明该探针具有很好的选择性.     

高取代度CMC取代度的紫外光谱法快速测定

研究了高取代度的羧甲基纤维素(CMC)取代度的紫外光谱测定方法.首先利用CMC与Cu(Ⅱ)反应,得到CMC-Cu(Ⅱ)溶液的紫外吸光值随稀硫酸铜溶液体积的变化曲线,发现该曲线可划分为3个区,其中Ⅰ区是CMC链上的羧基与Cu(Ⅱ)离子按照化学计量反应生成配合物的区域,且符合Lambert-Beer定律.将Ⅰ区曲线拟合得到...     

N,N’-二乙氧羰基-N”,N’”-(1,6-亚己基)双硫脲的合成、结构表征及其与金属离子的作用

由氯甲酸乙酯和硫氰酸钠经亲核取代反应和异构化合成N-乙氧羰基异硫氰酸酯中间体,再将该中间体与1,6-己二胺经亲核加成反应,合成N,N’-二乙氧羰基-N”,N””-(1,6-亚己基)双硫脲.对其进行元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及碳谱分析.将所得产物配成溶液,分别与Cu2+,Ni2+和Fe3+溶液混合,用紫外可见分光光度计测定产物溶液吸光度的变化,对产物与Cu2+离子的沉淀产物进行红外光谱检测,对比产物与其Cu2+络合物的红外光谱.研究结果表明:具有新型结构的双硫脲可分别与此3种离子发生反应,并表现出对Fe3+的较强选择性.产物与Cu2+生成的络合物为环状螯合物.     

荧光转换技术在测汞仪上的应用

我校化学系以冷原子吸收光谱测定汞的技术为基础,采用荧光转换技术,使被测量的253.7纳米紫外光,通过特定的荧光物质转变成可见光进行含汞量测定. 冷原子吸收光谱法,一般用原子吸收分光光度计的专用附件或测汞仪来测定汞.它们的分光系统均采用石英棱镜、光栅或紫外滤光片,以获得汞的共振线253.7纳米的单色     

接触辉光放电等离子体对水中偶氮染料艳红B的脱色研究

为深入了解接触辉光放电等离子体降解水中有机污染物的机理,用紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了放电过程中染料结构的变化,考察了pH值、自由基清除剂等实验条件对艳红B脱色的影响.结果表明:加入羟基自由基清除剂可增强艳红B的脱色效果,加入氢自由基清除剂对艳红B的脱色有轻微的阻碍作用.溶液初始pH值在7.0~11.0之间时对脱色影响不大.随着反应的进行,溶液的化学需氧量逐渐升高.紫外-可见吸收光谱分析表明,等离子体产生的活性氢原子对偶氮键的破坏是艳红B脱色的主要原因.     

构建碳点—罗丹明B比率探针检测汞离子污染

双发射比率探针以其优良的抗干扰性能成为近年来荧光探针研究的热点。本文采用微波法合成碳点,并构建了碳点-染料的新型比率探针,可以用于定量检测汞离子(Hg~(2+))污染。该比率探针检测汞离子的线性范围为0.56～5.0μmol·L~(-1),检出限为0.56μmol·L~(-1)。随着汞离子浓度的增加,比率探针体系在紫外灯下的颜色会从紫色逐渐变化为橙色,从而实现汞离子的可视化筛查。实验发现在汞离子检测中,当其他金属离子的浓度为汞离子浓度10倍时,比率探针对汞离子仍有较强的选择性。使用此方法对实际自来水样品进行了检测,自来水中没有检出汞离子;而在自来水的3种浓度汞离子加标回收实验中,加标回收率均为91.17%～104.83%.     

不同浓度汞离子暴露下草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)器官组织中酸性磷酸酶活性变化

草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)暴露于汞离子不同浓度(0 mg.L-1、0.05 mg.L-1、0.10 mg.L-1、0.15 mg.L-10、.20 mg.L-10、.25 mg.L-1)下21 d,血清、鳃、肝胰脏、脾、肾和肌肉中酸性磷酸酶(Acid phospha-tase,ACP)活性显示,草鱼血清ACP活性在Hg2+0.15 mg.L-1下无显著变化;在汞离子>0.15 mg.L-1下对ACP活性有抑制作用.鳃中ACP活性随着汞离子浓度增加而降低.肝胰脏在汞离子浓度≥0.15 mg.L-1时,ACP活性显著升高(p<0.01).脾和肾中ACP活性随着汞离子浓度的增加呈现出先增加后降低的变化,低于0.15 mg.L-1时,随着浓度增加ACP活性上升;高于0.15 mg.L-1时,ACP活性则逐渐下降.肌肉ACP活性在汞离子0.15 mg.L-1下变化不显著(p>0.05);在汞离子>0.15 mg.L-1下酶活性显著下降(p<0.05).结论表明,草鱼暴露于不同浓度汞离子下,不同器官组织ACP活性呈现出不同的变化,主要是由于不同器官组织执行的生理功能不同,从而对汞离子胁迫表现出不同的应答反应,以提高机体的抗胁迫能力.     

镍离子诱导牛血清白蛋白构象变化的动力学机理研究

用差示紫外吸收光谱法研究了镍离子与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的动力学过程,发现它们之间的相互作用是一个连串反应过程,首先是镍离子与BSA的一个快速络合反应,然后是镍离子诱导BSA发生了构象变化,这个构象变化过程是一个正向和逆向均为一级反应的对峙反应,而不是文献报道的简单一级反应。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to