Ultrastructural correlation of water reabsorption in isolated rat cauda epididymidis

Summary Electron microscopic study was made on the water reabsorption of the epithelial cells of the rat cauda epididymidis. It was shown that when the epididymal duct was reabsorbing water at a maximal rate, widely dilated intercellular spaces were seen. It is suggested that the standing gradient model of water reabsorption first proposed for the gall bladder may also operate in the cauda epididymidis.This work was supported in part by the World Health Organization and grant number 158/254 of Hong Kong University.     

High affinity binding of labeled androgens in the androgen-target tissues of the male rhesus monkey

Summary High affinity testosterone (T)-specific and dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-specific binding sites exist in a 12 ratio in the cytosol fractions of the caput epididymidis, prostate, seminal vesicles and the ductus deferens of the rhesus monkey. The number of androgen-binding sites in the caput epididymidis is 3 times greater than that of the other 3 tissues.This investigation was supported by financial assistance from the Indian Council of Medical Research and the University Grants Commission.     

Maximale tubuläre Zuckerresorption (Tmg) und Phosphorylierung

Summary Tmg (maximal tubular reabsorption of glucose) can be raised enormously by intravenous administration of Percorten. Therefore we suggest that the degree of reabsorption of glucose depends on the power of phosphorylation of the tubular tissue.     

The function of the intestine in the pulmonate mollusc Helix pomatia L.

Summary Everted sacs of intestine from Helix pomatia do not actively transfer glucose, galatose, methionine, alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid or proline from the mucosal to serosal surfaces. The principal function of the intestine appears to be the reabsorption of water.The study was partly financed through a Reading University Research Board Scholarship. I thank Profs A. Graham, K. Simkiss, J. Machin and Dr C. Kyriakides for their advice and criticisms and E. Snowden and J. Counden for technical assistance.     

Die Wirkung von synthetischem Oxytocin (Syntocinon) und Acetazolamid auf die Ausscheidung von Wasser,Natrium und Kalium

Summary Changes in water, sodium, and potassium excretion following administration of synthetic oxytocin (Syntocinon)—alone or in combination with acetazolamide— resemble the changes that occur after an equivalent dose of neurohypophysial extract containing oxytocin. Since the action of Syntocinon on water and sodium excretion is manifest when carbonic anhydrase in kidney tissue is fully inhibited by acetazolamide, it may be assumed that the mechanism whereby Syntocinon increases sodium excretion is independent of carbonic anhydrase. Oxytocin does not affect ultrafiltration in the glomeruli (Krause ⁴) and would therefore appear to modify the reabsorption or excretion process in the tubuli.     

Fluid fluxes in the ferret trachea

Summary A net reabsorption of fluid was observed in isolated ferret trachea under control conditions. Cholinergic stimulation resulted in net secretion of fluid while atropine blocked this response without any effect on the basal process of fluid reabsorption.Supported by research grants from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and the University of Florida (GML) and by a Pediatric Pulmonary Center award (A 2018) from the Division of Maternal and Child Health of the Department of Health and Human Services and Whitehall Foundation grant (No. 78-156 ck-1).     

Biochemical changes in some acrosomal enzymes of spermatozoa during maturation

Summary Goat spermatozoal hyaluronidase and acrosin show significantly increased activities during transition from caput to cauda epididymis. The activity of alkaline phosphatase decreases during spermatozoal transport through epididymis.Acknowledgment. The work was supported by World Health Organization, Geneva (Project No. 76238).     

Biochemical changes in some acrosomal enzymes of spermatozoa during maturation

Goat spermatozoal hyaluronidase and acrosin show significantly increased activities during transition from caput to cauda epididymis. The activity of alkaline phosphatase decreases during spermatozoal transport through epididymis.     

Effect of p-nitrophenylglycerol on motility of rat epididymal spermatozoa

Summary Using a convenient capillary tube assay, the antiswarming agent acting onProteus, p-nitrophenylglycerol (PNPG), was found to have produced an antimotility effect in sperms from rat cauda epididymides.Acknowledgment. The authors are grateful to K. C. Tsui and Y. F. Lam of the Hong Kong Agriculture and Fisheries Department for valuable discussion.     

Estrogen and accessory sex gland lipids

Summary Administration of estradiol-17 elicited differential responses on accessory sex glands of rats. In caput epididymis, the estrogen treatment led to an accumulation of glycerides and phospholipids while in cauda epididymis, there was no significant change. However, in seminal vesicles, depletion of phospholipids was observed In prostate, the treatment, resulted in an accumulation of glycerides.Part of Ph.D. Thesis. Umapathy, E., Thesis. University of Madras, India, 1977.     

Volume reabsorption by the Loop of Henle: A micropuncture study

Summary The observed extension of glomerulo-tubular balance beyond the proximal tubule is thought to be due either to flow dependent reabsorption by non-accessible proximal segments and pars recta, or to osmotic volume flow out of the descending limb of the loop of Henle.     

Anti-androgenic action of cyproterone acetate in the epididymis of the rhesus monkey

Summary Cyproterone acetate (1 M) inhibited the binding of labeled testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the caput and cauda epididymides of the rhesus monkey. The same concentration of the anti-androgen failed to inhibit androgen binding in the ductus deferens, prostate and seminal vesicles.The investigation was supported by financial assistance from the Indian Council of Medical Research and the University Grants Commission. CA was a gift from Dr. F. C. Neumann, Scherring AG, Berlin.     

The effect of moderate hemodilution with fluosol-DA or normal saline on acetaminophen disposition in the rat

Hemodilution with 40 ml/kg of Fluosol or saline reduced the acetaminophen Vd and the acetaminophen sulfate ClM at 48 or 72 h, respectively. Fluosol hemodilution increased the acetaminophen renal excretion at 24 and 72 h. But at 48 h, Fluosol hemodilution either inhibited the renal secretion of acetaminophen or enhanced its reabsorption.     

The effect of moderate hemodilution with Fluosol-DA or normal saline on acetaminophen disposition in the rat

Summary Hemodilution with 40 ml/kg of Fluosol or saline reduced the acetaminophen V_d and the acetaminophen sulfate Cl_M at 48 or 72 h, respectively. Fluosol hemodilution increased the acetaminophen renal excretion at 24 and 72 h. But at 48 h, Fluosol hemodilution either inhibited the renal secretion of acetaminophen or enhanced its reabsorption.     

Chronic mercury vapor poisoning of aphids

Summary Exposure of green peach aphids,Myzus persicae (Sulz.), to an atmosphere containing mercury vapor resulted in a curtailment ofembryogenesis and larviposition by adults, and in the development by larvae and adults of a cuticular darkening of their legs, head capsule, antennae, cornicles and cauda. Mortality of affected larvae resulted from molting difficulties, particularly by last-instar alatiform female and male larvae. Greenbugs,Schizaphis graminum (Rond.), and pea aphids,Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.), responded to mercury vapor exposure in similar ways.     

元谋干热河谷区民营水土保持效益评价

民营水土保持是当今水土保持生态建设中出现的一种新模式，是水土保持走向市场的重要标志。本文以农户调查数据为基础，运用层次分析法，对元谋干热河谷区民营水土保持效益进行评价。研究显示，目前民营水土保持是以经济效益为主导，兼顾生态效益和社会效益；农户的思想开放程度、经营模式和理念、技术水平、市场等因素是影响效益的主要因素，提出政府应建立完善的制度体系，支持鼓励民营水土保持的发展。     

Enterohepatic cycling of O-(β-hydroxyethyl) rutosides and their biliary metabolites in the rat

Summary O-(-Hydroxyethyl)rutosides are shown to undergo reabsorption from the intestine following their secretion in bile.Acknowledgment. The authors wish to thank Mr P. B. Wood and Mr S. D. Godfrey for skilled technical assistance and Zyma, S. A., Nyon, Switzerland, for financial support.     

Variations de salinité chez la Tanche (Tinca tinca L.): Effet de la vagotomie sur l'intensité respiratoire et la teneur en eau et cations (Na+ et K+) du tissu hépatique

Summary Vagus nerve section was performed on a stenohaline species: the tench (Tinca tinca L.). The oxygen consumption and Na⁺ content increased in both tap water and after transfer to salt water. It is suggested that the vagus nerve plays a role in water and electrolyte flux in this fish.     

Changes in intracellular pH and cell volume during the early phase of DMSO-induced differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells

Changes in intracellular pH and water volume were measured after treatment of Friend erythroleukemia cells with 1.5% DMSO. It was found that a continuous decrease in pHi occurred, beginning 1 h after induction and a decline in pHi of 0.18 was measured after 9 h. In addition a decline in cellular water volume, of 12% only 15 min after induction, and 23% after 9 h, was observed.