SBR法处理模拟淀粉废水的工艺条件研究

采用序批式活性污泥法(SBR)处理模拟淀粉废水,研究缺氧时间、曝气时间、温度、进水负荷对处理效果的影响.结果表明,SBR法在室温下就能高效地处理淀粉废水.对于淀粉浓度≤1.0g·L-1、CODcr≤1115mg·L-1的废水,单用完全曝气SBR法就能得到很好的去除效果;随着浓度增大,则需要设置缺氧段,以促进淀粉被水解酸化成小分子有机酸,但缺氧段的设置对CODcr的去除不明显,曝气反应对CODcr的去除起主导作用.缺氧段的长短应由废水性质来决定.用SBR法处理淀粉废水具有较好抗负荷冲击能力和系统稳定性,在进水淀粉浓度高达6.0g·L-1、CODcr达6690mg·L-1时,淀粉去除率为97.3%,CODcr去除率为94.0%,经过1个多月的运行,废水中淀粉去除率和CODcr去除率均保持稳定.     

SBR法间歇式活性污泥系统处理有机废水的实验研究

采用实验室规模的序批式活性污泥曝气反应器(SBR)工艺处理有机废水.通过实验分析了不同曝气量、曝气时间、进水浓度、沉淀时间、闲置时间与SBR法处理效果之间的关系,确定了SBR法处理中低浓度的有机废水的最佳运行参数.实验结果表明,在SBR的曝气时间为4h、沉淀时间为1h、闲置1h的条件下,该工艺对COD、NH3 -N等均有很好的去除效果,经处理的有机废水COD、氨氮最高去除率分为89.74％、82.13％.     

间歇运行多级生物接触氧化法处理生活污水试验研究

通过研究生物接触氧化法的间歇运行方式在不同HRT和不同曝气时间下COD、NH_4~+-N去除情况,试验结果表明:当24h进水3次,进水量6.7l/d,HRT为24h、累计曝气时间为12h时,出水COD、NH_4~+-N平均浓度分别为56.7mg/L和14.5mg/L,其处理效果满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)中一级B标准。间歇运行可大幅减少污水处理成本,为节能工艺的开发提供了试验依据。     

间歇式活性污泥法处理谷氨酸生产废水的研究

研究了间歇式活性污泥法(缩写SBR)处理谷氨酸生产废水的操作运行条件.实验结果表明:对进水COD为1500-2000 mg/L的废水曝气5-8 h处理后出水COD<100 mg/L,去除率为93%-95%,污泥负荷为0.64-0.7 kgCOD/kgMLSS且运行比较稳定.此工艺对COD浓度值变化有一定抵抗能力,在试验范围内,SO42-含量在1000-6000 mg/L对COD去除率的影响较小,考虑到试验误差,可以认为基本不参与反应,对生物系统无影响.SBR工艺对谷氨酸生产废水的COD降解服从一级反应.     

SBR法处理豆制品废水工艺研究

采用SBR法处理模拟豆制品废水,考察低溶解氧条件下反应时间对SBR反应系统效果的影响.实验结果表明,进水COD为350~450 mg/L时,对废水中的COD、NH_4~+—N、NO_2~-—N、NO_3~-—N有较好的去除能力.当曝气3 h左右后NO_2~-—N积累达到最大值,此时停止曝气可以有效的节约曝气量和曝气时间,从而达到节约电能.减少运行成本.     

SBR法处理模拟淀粉废水的工艺研究

采用序批式活性污泥法(SBR)处理模拟淀粉废水,研究曝气时间、进水COD质量浓度对处理效果的影响.实验结果表明,进水COD为1 500～2 200 mg/L,温度为25℃,连续曝气时间为2.5 h,污泥质量浓度为2 000～3 500 mg/L,对模拟淀粉废水中的COD、NH4+-N有较好的降解能力,去除率均达85%以...     

SBR工艺处理焦化废水的可行性研究

针对焦化废水难处理这一难题,引入 SBR工艺（反应期缺氧／好氧相结合）来处理焦化废水,试验结果表明,利用 SBR工艺处理焦化废水是可行的.在试验中还考察了 SBR工艺的运行方式、曝气时间、污泥负荷等对 COD、氨氮的去除效果.结果表明,进水 COD为 650～ 1 900 mg/L,氨氮为 150～ 330 mg/L时 ,去除率分别达到 80％和 70％以上.经技术经济分析,每吨水处理费用约为 1.3元.     

炉渣强化活性污泥法对餐饮废水的处理

本文就炉渣强化活性污泥法处理餐饮废水的工艺特性进行了实验研究.通过加入炉渣前后的对比试验,实验结果表明,在用了炉渣强化活性污泥法净化处理的餐饮废水,CODcr、NH4+-N、TP去除率都优于普通活性污泥法,活性污泥絮体结构和沉降性能明显改善.当水力停留时间为6h时,炉渣强化活性污泥法对餐饮废水中CODcr、NH4+-N、TP的去除率分别达85.3～91.2%、59.6～68.2%、80.2～87.8%,出水中CODcr、NH4+-N均达到<污水综合排放标准>(GB8978-1996)一级标准,且处理效果稳定.因此炉渣强化活性污泥法处理餐饮废水的的效果是相当好的.     

间歇式循环延时曝气活性污泥法处理校园生活污水

间歇式循环延时曝气活性污泥法(intermittent cyclic extended aeration sludge,ICEAS)具有投资和运行费用低、占地小、工艺简单、适应性强、耐冲击负荷、处理效果好、运行稳定、剩余污泥少等优点,广泛应用于国内外城镇污水处理厂。利用ICEAS工艺处理校园生活污水,研究了不同运行参数对处理效果的影响并得出最佳运行参数。实验结果表明:利用ICEAS处理校园生活污水的最佳条件运行参数为厌氧3h、曝气3h、缺氧3h、沉淀1h,运行周期为10h。采用最佳运行参数时,ICEAS工艺对TP去除率达到80%以上,NH3-N的去除率达到90%以上,COD的去除率达到95%以上,SS的去除率达到90%以上;并且出水COD、TP、NH_3-N、SS达到城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准一级B标准(GB 18918—2002)。     

采用H.S.B菌液处理高浓度焦化废水的工艺研究

研究了将O-A-O处理工艺和活性炭H.S.B菌种生物处理法相结合的处理高浓度焦化废水的新工艺,该工艺利用该菌种中的好氧菌、厌氧菌在曝气和厌氧工艺阶段中发挥的不同作用使废水得到处理。结果表明,COD为7440mg/L的焦化废水经过6h的初次曝气SBR工艺处理后,废水的COD去除率可达到47％。24h的厌氧SBR工艺处理后废水的COD去除率为78％。最后经过32h的二次曝气SBR工艺处理后,最终出水的COD为492mg/L,总的去除率达到94％。该工艺具有运行成本低和COD去除率高的特点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the