急性血吸虫病误诊为慢性肠炎1例分析

1 病例资料 患者,男,15岁,江西省吉安市人,自2005年10月起因反复发热伴便血,间断性在附近社区医院以"慢性肠炎"给与"头孢类、大环内酯类"等抗生素治疗后,未见明显好转而转入我院.询问病史,患者暑期曾到江西省上饶市波阳县莲湖乡(血吸虫疫区)嬉水、游泳.     

基于环境要素的民国时期黑热病流行危险分区

黑热病是一种新传入的慢性地方性传染病，在部分地区曾造成深远影响.该文综合运用Grapher时序分析、GIS空间分析、MaxEnt生态位分析等方法，探讨民国时期黑热病流行的时空特征、危险分区及影响因素，结果表明：1)民国时期，黑热病的流行频度为78.95%,集中流行于夏、秋季，并分别在1923年、1934—1937年、1946年形成流行高峰期.2)民国时期，黑热病几乎全部分布于长江以北地区，并在苏、皖、豫、鲁4省交界地带形成密集分布区.3)黑热病“长江北、类圈层”的适生范围，奠定了黑热病危险等级的地理格局，表现为黄河中下游及淮河流域省份危险等级高，尤其是特危等级的江苏(含上海)、安徽、河南、山东和高危等级的河北(含北京、天津)、山西、陕西等省份.4)黑热病流行的影响因素中，河网密度(20.2%)、日照时数(17.3%)、海拔高程(14.5%)、最低气温(10.0%)等因素的贡献度最高.     

恩施地区一起家庭聚集性恙虫病的报道

目的分析恩施地区恙虫病自然疫区可能性,探讨目前抗生素严格管控、药物缺乏形势下恙虫病的左氧氟沙星抗感染治疗优势。方法回顾分析恩施州咸丰县人民医院感染科2014年10月收治的2例恙虫病病例的临床资料、治疗经过。结果2例恙虫病患者为夫妻,均有发热、皮疹、典型焦痂表现,家住山区,居住地杂草较多,有菜园工作史,发病1周查变形菌OXk为1∶160,经左氧氟沙星抗感染治疗有效,恙虫病诊断明确。结论因恩施州非恙虫病疫区,但毗邻的湘西土家族自治州为恙虫病的重要疫源地,恩施州与该地区地理、气候条件极其相似,植被丰富,故本地不排除为恙虫病疫区。但确定本地区疫区属性还需疾病预防控制机构进一步行流行病学调查,了解恙虫病东方体在本地蜱虫、鼠类中的分布情况。     

加强检疫 杜绝疫区水果瞒报入境

近年来,皇岗动植物检疫局在对进口水果的检疫检验中,多次查获了瞒报疫区(地中海实蝇疫区,下同)水果的违章案件,严重的有只报关、不报检;报检非疫区水果进口疫区水果或混装有疫区水果。从查获的各种瞒报案件以及目前走私水果的情况来看,必须警惕疫区水果以各种途径瞒报入境。 以下从深圳口岸的实际情况,通过分析瞒报入境疫区水果的目的途径来探讨防止疫区水果瞒报入境的办法。     

斑氏微丝蚴(Microfilaria bancrofti)的发育

一、前言1956年到1967年全国农业发展纲要中给我们明确地指出从1956年起分别要在7年或者12年内,在一切可能的地方,基本上消灭危害人民最严重的寄生病虫如血吸虫病、血丝虫病(即象皮病),钩虫病,黑热病,疟疾等,我们从事寄生虫研究工作者一定要以高度的热情,积极地工作来争取提前完成这一光荣的任务。     

急性血吸虫病误诊为慢性肠炎1例分析

1病例资料患者,男,15岁,江西省吉安市人,自2005年10月起因反复发热伴便血,间断性在附近社区医院以“慢性肠炎”给与“头孢类、大环内酯类”等抗生素治疗后,未见明显好转而转入我院。询问病史,患者暑期曾到江西省上饶市波阳县莲湖乡(血吸虫疫区)嬉水、游泳。查体:T:38.5℃,P:93次/min,BP13/10kPa,咽部轻度充血,扁桃体不大,肝剑突下4cm,质中。纤维肠镜提示:距肛门15cm至20cm黏膜呈不规则结节状隆起,质脆,触之易出血,并取活检(图1)。病理学镜下示:结肠黏膜多灶性充血、出血,局部见出血性溃疡,累及黏膜至黏膜下层,黏膜表面可见虫卵渗出,于黏膜…     

灰仓鼠生物学特征及其应用

摘要: 本文从生态适应性、繁殖、生长发育、血液生化、冬眠和自带病原谱等方面简要介绍灰仓鼠生物学特性,灰仓鼠泡型包虫病和鼠疫动物模型的建立,以及在包虫病、鼠疫、黑热病和烫伤中的应用,并探讨其应用前景。     

湖区血吸虫病不同防控措施的效果分析

一、水改旱、水旱轮作技术钉螺是血吸虫唯一中间宿主,钉螺的孳生需要湿、肥、荫条件。疫区人民感染血吸虫病主要是在生产和生活中接触疫水而感染。四湖地区是水网型疫区,水系内外相通,上下游相连,钉螺由外河通过灌溉向水田扩散严重。在血吸虫病区的农村,过去种植业以水稻为主,60%左右的水田中有钉螺孳生。为了彻底改变水田内钉螺孳生的状况,解除人畜接触疫水的机会,在许多种植水稻的疫区都实行改种水田作物为旱地作物,成为控制钉螺蔓延、消灭血吸虫病、进行农业综合防治的一     

突发性公共卫生事件下横纵结合应急物资配送模式

考虑到突发性公共卫生事件下的应急物资的时效性以及应急救援工作需要在多受灾点同时展开这一实际,提出了将疫区与疫区之间横向配送和物资分配中心与疫区之间的纵向配送相结合的应急物资配送模式。首先,在满足配送时间的前提下以总成本最小为目标,构建了横纵结合的物流配送路径优化模型;其次运用聚类分析和引入了逆转操作的遗传算法进行求解;最后通过算例仿真将提出的配送模式与常规配送模式进行比较。算例结果表明,提出的横纵结合应急物流配送模型使总成本降低了10.72%,惩罚成本减少了52.98%,验证了模型及算法的有效性和可行性,可为未来的应急物资配送问题提供参考。     

数控机床进给系统热源发热率辨识与热误差预测

数控机床进给系统具有热源多且各热源发热率时变性强的特点.但以往研究对各热源发热率的时变性关注较小,因此很难实现丝杠温升和热误差的精确预测.本文将Monte Carlo(MC)模拟集成FEM方法捕获到进给系统各热源的发热率,进而确定了各热源发热率占系统总发热率的比例——分配比随系统运行时间的变化规律.然后,基于进给系统各热源的发热率分配比,提出利用进给系统伺服电机的力矩电流计算各热源发热率的方法.最后,基于一维热传导方程的有限差分法,提出了丝杠温升和热误差的数值预测模型,并利用试验验证了模型预测的精确性.     

Domain of Ultrabithorax expression in Drosophila visceral mesoderm from autoregulation and exclusion

Domains of differential homeotic gene activity are formed at specific positions along the anteroposterior axis of the early Drosophila embryo. Homeotic genes are required continuously throughout development, so that homeotic gene activity has to be maintained independently of the positional information provided in the early embryo. In the ectoderm, the domains of homeotic gene activity partially overlap, but we have found that in the visceral mesoderm at least three of these genes are expressed in adjacent and mutually exclusive domains. It has been proposed that stable, sharply demarcated domains of this type could be established if a homeotic gene product stimulated its own expression locally and inhibited the expression of other homeotic genes, which Meinhardt has termed autocatalysis and mutual exclusion respectively. Furthermore, autocatalysis of this kind can in principle account for the maintenance of homeotic gene activity throughout development. We find that the unique domain of Ultrabithorax (Ubx) expression in the visceral mesoderm is dependent both on autocatalysis and on an exclusion mechanism: Ubx product is required for its own synthesis, whereas the product of the posteriorly adjacent gene abdominal-A represses Ubx expression.     

急性风湿性关节炎32例分析及追踪观察

本文对３２例无心脏炎及其它主要表现的风湿性关节炎患儿进行了临床分析及长期随访，发现急性风湿热中关节受累者仍多见（占７３％），表现不典型者增多（１６％），认为不典型风湿性关节炎是不典型风湿热的主要表现类型，诊断时对不典型的关节表现应视为重要线索，无症状心前区杂音有变化也具有诊断价值随访发现其复发率低，但仍有发展为心脏瓣膜病者，治疗中定期应用抗生素至少５年以控制复发是必要的．     

脂多糖—被动血凝试验早期诊断伤寒的价值

为评估脂多糖－被动血凝试验（ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ）早期诊断伤寒的应用价值,对病程不同的１０２例伤寒患者用ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ、肥达反应和细菌培养进行检测,２００例非伤寒发热患者作为对照。结果显示：伤寒患者病程第一周ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ阳性率为８０％（２４／３０）,第二周达９７７３％（４３／４４）;细菌培养阳性率２４５１％;肥达反应的伤寒与副伤寒鞭毛抗体交叉阳性率达３７２５％;对照组ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ有２％的假阳性。结果表明：ＬＰＳ－ＰＨＡ可早期、简便及快速诊断伤寒,有较高的敏感性和特异性。     

火车致闭合性腹外伤63例分析

火车致闭合性腹外伤，常为多个脏器损伤，且以实质性脏器破裂多见，病情危急，多死于创伤性失血性休克，B超及腹穿是早期明确诊断的重要手段，抗休克、及时剖腹手术是抢救患者生命的关键。     

Jeb signals through the Alk receptor tyrosine kinase to drive visceral muscle fusion

The Drosophila melanogaster gene Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Alk) is homologous to mammalian Alk, a member of the Alk/Ltk family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). We have previously shown that the Drosophila Alk RTK is crucial for visceral mesoderm development during early embryogenesis. Notably, observed Alk visceral mesoderm defects are highly reminiscent of the phenotype reported for the secreted molecule Jelly belly (Jeb). Here we show that Drosophila Alk is the receptor for Jeb in the developing visceral mesoderm, and that Jeb binding stimulates an Alk-driven, extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mediated signalling pathway, which results in the expression of the downstream gene duf (also known as kirre)--needed for muscle fusion. This new signal transduction pathway drives specification of the muscle founder cells, and the regulation of Duf expression by the Drosophila Alk RTK explains the visceral-mesoderm-specific muscle fusion defects observed in both Alk and jeb mutant animals.     

小儿不完全川崎病22例临床分析

目的：探讨小儿不完全川崎病的早期诊断,以及早期进行冠状动脉病变的预防治疗,减少冠状动脉瘤的发生。方法：分析2001年5月至2007年10月收住院的小儿不完全川崎病22例的临床特征、实验室检查并进行讨论。结果：全部病例在恢复期均出现指（趾）端脱皮,入院时22例患儿中9例具备包括持续发热在内的2条诊断指标,8例具备包括持续发热在内的3条诊断指标,5例具备包括持续发热在内的4条诊断指标及外周血白细胞（WBC）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、血小板升高,血沉增快;21例冠状动脉扩张、1例有冠状动脉瘤的形成。结论：小儿不完全川崎病因早期临床表现不典型,应对持续发热〉5d、抗生素治疗无效的病例进行动态超声心动图检查及随访CRP、血沉、WBC计数,作出早期诊断,减少冠状动脉病变。     

谷氨酸能神经传递系统研究进展

谷氨酸广布于大脑皮质等处,以(-酮戊二酸、谷氨酰胺或鸟氨酸等为前体进行合成,通过快突触传递或慢突触传递与突触后膜上的三种类型的受体相结合,参与学习记忆、突触可塑性、细胞凋亡、自主运动神经活动及神经毒性作用等生理和病理功能。     

成人斯蒂尔病26例临床分析

目的：探讨成人斯蒂尔病（AOSD）发病、临床特点、治疗情况．方法：回顾性分析26例AOSD患者临床资料．结果：26例AOSD患者都有发热、皮疹、关节症状三大主症及白细胞升高，血沉增快，C反应蛋白增高，血培养阴性，抗菌素治疗无效而糖皮质激素治疗有效的特点；诊断除外其它发热性疾病；非甾体类药物不能很好控制症状，需用激素，甚至免疫抑制剂控制病情．结论：AOSD临床表现复杂多变且缺乏特异性诊断方法，激素治疗有效，联合甲氨蝶呤能较快控制病情，复发率低．     

Regulation of vertebrate left-right asymmetries by extracellular matrix.

The vertebrate body is organized along three geometric axes: anterior-posterior, dorsal-ventral and left-right. Left-right axis formation, displayed in heart and gut development, is the least understood, even though it has been studied for many years. In Xenopus laevis gastrulae, a fibronectin-rich extracellular matrix is deposited on the basal surface of ectoderm cells over which cardiac and visceral primordia move during development. Here I report experiments in which localized perturbation of a small patch of extracellular matrix by microsurgery was correlated with localized randomization of left-right asymmetries. Global perturbation of the extracellular matrix by microinjection of Arg-Gly-Asp peptides or heparinase into the blastocoel resulted in global randomization of left-right asymmetries. From these observations, I suggest that left-right axial information is contained in the extracellular matrix early in development and is independently transmitted to cardiac and visceral primordia.     

Pet-keeping and its impact on asthma and allergies among preschool children in Shanghai, China

Whether early pet-keeping is a risk factor for children’s asthma and allergies remains controversial. To investigate associations between asthma, allergies and airway symptoms among children and the indoor environment, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 districts of Shanghai. A number of 13335 questionnaires (response rate: 85.3%) of 4-6 year old children were analyzed. Families in urban areas have more pets except for dogs than families in suburbs. Fish are the most common pets in urban districts. The prevalence of doctor-diagnosed asthma was 10.3%, wheeze (ever) 28.3%, rhinitis (ever) 54.1%, doctor-diagnosed hay fever 12.6% and eczema (ever) 22.9%. In logistic regression analyses, early furred pet-keeping was positively associated with most of the symptoms and significantly with rhinitis (ever, adjusted OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.14–1.76) and doctor-diagnosed hay fever (1.38, 1.02–1.88). Current furred pet-keeping was significantly negatively associated with doctor-diagnosed asthma (0.57, 0.39–0.83). Persistent furred pet-keeping was significantly positively associated with rhinitis on pet or pollen exposure. However, current pet-keeping is not randomly distributed in the population. Children in families with “allergy” or with “pet avoidance behavior” (due to allergies in the family) have more symptoms, but have avoided cats and dogs, leading to the conclusion that such animals are “protective”, namely the “Healthy Pet-Keeping” effect. Moreover, rodents and birds are risks for children’s health. Fish-keeping is also seemingly a risk. This study indicates that early pet-keeping is a risk factor for asthma and allergies in families with a history of allergies, and part of residents in Shanghai have pet-avoidance behavior.