A novel advanced oxidation process――wet electro-catalytic oxidation for high concentrated organic wastewater treatment

A novel advanced oxidation process——wet electrocatalytic oxidation (WEO) was studied with p-nitrophenol as model pollutant and β-PbO2 electrode as the anode. Compared with the effect of the individual wet air oxidation (WAO) and electrochemical oxidation (EO), the effect of WEO showed syn- ergistic effect on COD removal under the conditions of temperature 160℃, C=1000 mg·L-1, PN2=0.50 MPa, PO2=0.9 MPa, current density = 3 mA·cm-2, Na2SO4 3 g·L-1. And the synergistic factor got the best value of 0.98 within 120 min after 180 min treatment. The synergistic factor was studied after 120 min treatment at 100℃, 120℃, 140℃ and 160℃, and the effect of 120℃ was the best with the value of 1.26. Possible mechanism for the synergistic effect was discussed based on the analysis of free-radical generation and intermediates detected by HPLC and GC/MS.     

A note on Jacobi-Eisenstein series

The so_called Jacobi_Eisenstein series is defined by E k, S (z, w)=∑y∈J ∞\J (1, j) Z 1|k, Sy(z, w) . The Fourier coefficients of E k, S is determined completely. The theorem extends the results of Eichler and Zagier to the case of general index matrices.     

On the boundary value problem for harmonic maps of the Poincaré disc

The boundary value problem for harmonic maps of the Poincare disc is discussed. The emphasis is on the non-smoothness of the given boundary values in the problem. Let T . be a subspace of the universal Teichmüller space, defined as a set of normalized quasisymmetric homeomorphisms h of the unit circle S onto itself where h admits a quasiconformal extension to the unit disc D with a complex dilatation μ satisfying where ρ(z)|dz|2 is the Poincare metric of D. Let B . be a Banach space consisting of holomorphic quadratic differentials φ in D with norms It is shown that for any given quasisymmetric homeomorphism h : S1→S1∈ T . , there is a unique quasiconformal harmonic map of D with respect to the Poincare metric whose boundary corresponding is h and the Hopf differential of such a harmonic map belongs to B .     

The boundedness of singular integral operator along an open curve

It is well known that, the singular integral operatorS defined as: ifL is a closed smooth contour in the complex plane C, thenS is a bounded linear operator fromH ^μ(L) intoH ^μ(L): ifL is an open smooth curve, thenS is just a linear operator fromH ^* intoH ^*. In this paper, we define a Banach space , and prove that is a bounded linear operator, then verify the boundedness of other kinds of singular integral operators. Supported by the National Science Foundation of China Wang Xiaolin: born in Aug. 1950, Professor     

The symmetric solutions of affiliated value model

0　IntroductionIntheprocessofR&Ditem ,thereisusuallycompetition .ManyfirmswanttoinvestR&Dtoobtainapatent.Lury[1 ] gaveanequilibriuminvestmentundertheconditionofone timeinvestmentandcontinuousinvestmentwhenthepayoffwasafixedprize.Ref.[2 ]analyzedtheeffectofinformationsharinginR&D .TherearemanyliteraturesaboutanalysisofR&DlevelswhenfirmscompeteinoutputmarketafterR&Dsucceeds[3 ,4] .Additionally ,todecideinvestmentlevel,therearemanyliteraturesaboutR&Ditem’spricing .MondherBellalah[5] ,K .…     

Diagnostics of magnetic field strength for gyrosynchrotron radiation regions of the lower harmonics

A diagnostic formula of magnetic field strength of gyrosynchrotron radiation regions of the lower harmonics (5 ≤S≤10 ) is presented based on their emissivity η νBN , absorptivity κ νBN , and the turnover frequency of radio spectra ν P. Their diagnostic error is estimated. And an accurate relation between electron energy spectral index δ and brightness temperature spectral index β is also given.     

A topological approach to the correlation of standard formation enthalpy with path index of benzenes derivatives

A mathematical model formulated as ΔfHθm(g)=a+sum from i=1 to 5bipi(i≠2) was constructed for the relationshipbetween standard formation enthalpy ΔfHθm(g) and path index Pi of substituted benzenes derivatives. An empiric equation for the calculation of ΔfHθm(g) was worked out. The calculated values of standard formation enthalpy based on this model are excellently consistent with those from experimental for 55 organic compounds. The model is shown to be simple and of practical usefulness, particularly when required experimental data are unavailable.     

Complete quantum circuit of Haar wavelet based MRA

Wavelet analysis has applications in many areas, such as signal analysis and image processing. We propose a method for generating the complete circuit of Haar wavelet based MRA by factoring butterfly matrices and conditional perfect shuffle permutation matrices. The factorization of butterfly matrices is the essential part of the design. As a result, it is the key point to obtain the circuits of I2t＋W ＋I2^n-2t-2· In this paper, we use a simple means to develop quantum circuits for this kind of matrices. Similarly, the conditional permutation matrix is implemented entirely, combined with the scheme of Fijany and Williams. The circuits and the ideas adopted in the design are simple and intelligible.     

Generalized Galerkin approximations for pseudoinverses and operator equations of the first kind

0 IntroductionLeqtuiliHnebaer afo rHimlbaenrtd sap baoceun.dLeedtlianaenardfufnbceti oan baolu onndeHd ,serse--spectively. Our goal is to seekv∈Hsuchthata(u,v) =f(u) , u∈ H (1)As a rule, we call the expression (1) a variational equationandva solutiontothis equation.By virtue of the Riesz repre-sentationtheorem,there exists a uniquely determined boundedlinear operatorA:H→Hsuchthata(u,v) =〈u,Av〉, u,v∈ H,where〈·,·〉is the inner product onH.If the sesquilinearformais also with posit…     

Population-size-dependent branching processes in Markovian random environments

A branching model {Z n} n≥0is considered where the offspring distribution of the population's evolution is not only dependent on the population size, but also controlled by a Markovian environmental process {ξ n} n≥0. For this model, asymptotic behaviour is studied such as limn→∞Z n and limn→∞Z n/m n in the case that the mean m k, θof the offspring distribution converges to m>1 as the population size k grows to ∞. In the case that {ξ n} n≥0is an irreducible positive recurrent Markov chain, certain extinction (i.e. P(Z n=0 for some n)=1) and noncertain extinction (i.e. P(Z n=0 for some n)<1) are studied.     

Some limit theorems for weighted sums of random variable fields

1Preliminaries DuringthelastyearsthereappearedquiteafewpapersaboutlimittheoremsforBanachspacevaluedrandomvariables(r.v.’s)withmultidimensionalindex.Itistheaim ofthispapertogivecomparativeweakconditionswhichimply limittheoremsforweightedsumsofBanachspacevaluedr.v.fields.Thecurrentworkextendsthecorrespondingresultsof Refs.[15].Westartwithsomenotationsanddefinitions.LetNdbe thesetofalld dimensionallatticeofpointswithpositiveinte gersascomponents,whered≥1isafixedinteger.LetNdbe equippedwithco…     

Kinetics of C2(a3Πu) radical reactions with NO, N2O, O2, H2 and NH3

Pulsed laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence (LP-LIF) is utilized to measure rate constants for C₂(a³Π_u) reactions with NO, N₂O, O₂, H₂ and NH₃. Multiphoton dissociation of C₂Cl₄ at 266 nm is employed for the generation of C₂(a³Π_u) radicals. The C₂(a³Π_u) concentration is monitored by the fluorescence of the (0, 0) band of the (d³Π_g&#8596;a³Π_u) transition at 516.5 nm. C₂(a³Π_u) removal rate constants for the reactions are determined as k_NO = (5.46 ± 0.10) × 10^-11 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1 , k_N2O = (1.63 ± 0.20) × 10^-13 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1 , k_N2O = (1.58 ± 0.16) × 10^-11 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1, k_O2 = (5.92 ± 1.00) × 10^-14 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1, k_H2< 1.0× 10^-14 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1. Based on the data analysis and theoretical calculation, we suggest that the C₂(a³Π_u) reactions with H₂ and NH₃ proceed via the hydrogen abstraction mechanism, barriers exist at the entrance channel of the reactions of C₂(a³Π_u) with H₂ and NH₃.     

Degradation of 2, 4-D acid using Mn2+ as catalyst under UV irradiation

In this paper, the oxidative degradation of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) using Mn²⁺/H₂O₂ reagent under UV irradiation was studied. The results show that 2, 4-D was degraded more completely in Mn²⁺/H₂O₂ solution than traditional Fenton solutions. The effects of the concentration of Mn²⁺, H₂O₂ and pH were also investigated. And under the optimal condition of 1.48×10⁻⁴ mol/L, 8.99×10⁻⁵ mol/L and pH 3.38, the formation of ·OH was the most, both the decomposition rate of H₂O₂ and the degradation rate of 2, 4-D were the fastest. In addition, the photoreaction process was monitored using spin-trapping electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and the results indicated that the oxidative process was predominated mainly by the hydroxyl radical (·OH) gennerated in the system. Biography: HUANG Yingping (1964–), Professor, Ph. D., research direction: pollution ecology and water pollution control.     

The variety of thermal conduction resulting from segmented degree of heat source body and its bearing on temperature change

The differences of thermal conduction and its temperature-varying track of the heat source body at various structural environments have been studied. Hypothetically , geologic heat source body is cut successively into several segregative bodies with a fixed cubage . With the segmented number increasing , the conductive surface area of heat source body begins to get larger, which separately is similar to the heat geologic body in different tectonic zones that has a various enclosed coefficient . Finite-element simulation result shows that the thermal conduction speed of spreading from the heat source body to its wall rock is slow→higher→ highest, when heat source bodies are situated respectively at compressive, shear and tensile deformation zones, corresponding rates of their temperature drop are low→ higher→ highest . Research indicates that the temperature ' s dropping rate of heat source body has an inverse relationship with enclosed coefficient η for different structural zones . This result can explain the tectono-physicochemical reason of magmatite evolution and its. difference .     

Almost sure convergence of weighted sums of NA sequences

For double arrays of constants {a _ni, 1≤i≤k _n, n≥1} and NA r.v. 's {X _n, n≥1}, conditions for almost sure convergence of are given. Both casesk _n ↑ ∞ andk _n=∞ are treated. A Marcinkiewicz-type theorem for i. d. NA sequences is obtained as a special case. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Cheng Riyan: born in 1968, MS student     

Almost sure convergence and complete convergence for the weighted sums of martingale differences

Let {(D _n, FFF_n),n/->1} be a sequence of martingale differences and {a _ni, 1≤i≤n,n≥1} be an array of real constants. Almost sure convergence for the row sums are discussed. We also discuss complete convergence for the moving average processes underB-valued martingale differences assumption. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Doctoral Programme Foundation of China Biography: DENG Ai-jiao (1974-), female, Ph.D. candidate. Research interest is in stochastic processes and random fractal.     

The evolution model of the earth’s limited expanding

Based on the prerequisite that the earliest acid rock formed because of the initial global expanding tectonic processes, by combining it with other geological limitation conditions, and starting from the lithosphere elastic mechanics, the following is defined: the earth expansion started at about 4300 Ma ago, the average increasing rate of the earth radius is 0.40 mm/a, the initial expanding earth radius is 4651 km, and the initial global expansion of tectonic processes happened at 4183.7 Ma ago. From the natural and attenuation evolution condition of the earth and terrestrial planets, through the limit condition got from the combination of the mathematics logic and the geological significance, the limited expanding earth evolution model is established as follows: in whichR ₀= 4.651×10⁶ m,A =1.86×10⁶ m, β = -6.01×10⁻¹⁰/ a andt _s=3×10⁸ a. From this model the maximum radiusR _maxof the limited expanding earth evolution should be 6511 km. The earth’s radius increasing rate is about 0.1 mm/a at present.     

Application of thermogravimetry to study the kinetics and stability of porphyrin copper-sodium of ephedra

Thermogravimetry was used to study the non-isothermal decomposition kinetics and the stability of porphyrin copper-sodium from ephedra. The kinetic equation for the second step can be expressed as . The kinetic compensation effect is found to be: InA=0. 2468E _a −8. 0513.Ea is 206. 61 kJ/mol. The results show that porphyrin copper-sodium has a high activation energy and good stability. Biography: Zhang Lian-ru(1964), female, lecturer Research direction, applied biochemistry.     

A sufficient condition fork′(z)(k(z)∈H q,q≥1) to be ofH 1

We proved ifk(z)∈H ^q (q≥1),g(z) is analytic on |z|=1, , thenk′(z)∈H ¹, especially, ifq=1, thenk(z) is an analytic function on the closed unit disk |z|≤1. Peng Zhigang: born in June 1970, Ph. D     

A local asymptotic behavior for ruin probability in the renewal risk model

Let R（t）=u＋ct-∑ I=1^N（t） Xi,t≥0 be the renewal risk model, with Fx（x）being the distribution function of the claim amount X. Let ψ（u） be the ruin probability with initial surplus u. Under the condition of Fx（x） ∈ S^＊（γ）,y ≥ 0, by the geometric sum method, we derive the local asymptotic behavior for ψ（u,u ＋ z] for every 0 （ z （ oo, On one hand, the asymptotic behavior of ψ（u） can be derived from the result obtained. On the other hand, the result of this paper can be applied to the insurance risk management of an insurance company.