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1.
Great progress has been made in recent years in studies on the mechanism ofAgrobacterium-medicated transformation and its application. Many details of the key molecular events within the bacterial cells involved
in T-DNA transfer have been elucidated, and it is notable that some plant factors which were elusive before are purified and
characterized. Vast kinds of species, which were either recalcitrant to or not included in the host range ofAgrobacterium, can now be transformed by this bacterium, and they include the very important cereal species, gymnosperms, yeast and many
filamentous fungi. The simplein vivo transformation of tissue in intact plants and the “agrolistic” methods to transform recalcitrant plants are the two novel
technical achievements. Combined with other powerful techniques such as bacterial artificial chromosome, very large DNA fragment
can be transformed into the plant genome byAgrobacterium. Further studies will elucidate more plant-encoded factors involved in T-DNA transformation and there is a need to develop
more powerfulAgrobacterium-based transformation systems to meet different needs in basic research and crop improvement practice. 相似文献
2.
An efficient transformation method mediated by PEG-protoplasts was developed for the newly commercial edible mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis. Two plasmids were used to co-transform protoplasts of P. nebrodensis. One plasmid is pAN7-1 containing a positive selectable marker gene hph conferring hygromycin B resistance. Another plasmid is pBlue-GFP containing a reporter gene gfp conferring green fluorescent protein. PCR and Southern blot analysis showed that hph gene or/and gfp gene were integrated into the genome of P. nebrodensis transformants. The transformation efficiency of the positive selectable marker gene hph was 3 transformants per microgram of plasmid pAN7-1 DNA, which was about 30 times higher than that previously reported in thoroughly studied Pleurotus species such as Pleurotus ostreatus. The transformation efficiency of the reporter gene gfp was 9 transformants per microgram of plasmid pBlu-GFP DNA. The co-transformation efficiency was 23.68%. This is the first report that a "reporter" gene, green fluorescent protein gene can be successfully stably exoressed in this Pleurotus species. 相似文献
3.
Sub 16 is a substitution line with G. hirsutum cv. TM-1 genetic background except that the 16th chromosome (Chr. 16) is replaced by the corresponding homozygous chromosome
of G. barbadense cv. 3-79, and T586 is a G. hirsutum multiple gene marker line with 8 dominant mutation genes. The R
1 gene for anthocyanin pigmentation was tagged in Chr. 16 in T586. The objective of this research was to screen SSR markers
tightly linked with R
1 by using the F2 segregating population containing 1259 plants derived from the cross of Sub 16 and T586 and the backbone genetic linkage
map from G. hirsutum×G. barbadense BC1 newly updated by our laboratory. Genetic analysis suggested that the segregation ratio of red plants in the F2 population fit Mendelian 1:2:1 inheritance, confirming that the red plant trait was controlled by an incomplete dominance
gene. Preliminary mapping of R
1 was conducted using 237 randomLy selected F2 individuals and JoinMap v3.0 software. Then, a fine map of R1 was constructed using the F2 segregating population containing 1259 plants, and R
1 was located between NAU4956 and NAU6752, with only 0.49 cM to the nearest maker loci (NAU6752). These results provided a
foundation for map-based cloning of R
1 and further development of cotton cultivars with red fibers by transgenic technology.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30730067) and Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline
to Universities (Grant No. B08025) 相似文献
4.
Profilin is an important actin-binding protein involved in regulating the organization of actin filaments. A cotton profilin gene (GhPFN1) that shares 71% identity to profilin1 of Arabidopsis in its amino acid sequence was isolated. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that GhPFN1 was expressed preferentially in the developing cotton fibers and reached the highest level at the fast elongation stage. The function of GhPFN1 in vivo was analyzed using the S. pombe system, and results suggested that GhPFN1 plays a role in fiber cell elongation. 相似文献
5.
Transgenic tobacco plants expressing synthetic Cry1Ac and Cry1Ie genes are more toxic to cotton bollworm than those containing one gene 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yun Lian ZhiWei Jia KangLai He YunJun Liu FuPing Song BaoMin Wang GuoYing Wang 《科学通报(英文版)》2008,53(9):1381-1387
Transgenic tobacco plants carrying CrylAc, Crylle or both genes were obtained. In the leaves of transgenic plants carrying both genes, the contents of CrylAc and Crylle proteins were 0.173% and 0.131% of the total proteins, respectively. CrylAc protein content was 0.182 % and Cry1 le protein content was 0.124% of the total proteins in the leaves of transgenic plants containing only one Bt gene. Fresh leaves of transgenic tobacco and wild-type plants were used for the insect bioassay against wild-type and Cry1Ac-resistant cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera). The bioassay results showed that transgenic plants carrying both genes were significantly more toxic to wild-type and CrylAc-resistant cotton bollworm than those carrying CrylAc or Crylle alone. This study indicates that the higher toxicity of transgenic tobacco plants carrying both genes is caused by the cooperative function of both Bt proteins, thus providing a potential way to delay the development of insect resistance to transgenic crops. 相似文献
6.
7.
GAO ZhenYu LIU XiaoHui GUO LongBiao LIU Jian DONG GuoJun HU Jiang HAN Bin QIAN Qian 《科学通报(英文版)》2009,54(12):2062-2068
Rice plant architecture is an important agronomic trait that affects the grain yield. To understand the molecular mechanism that controls plant architecture, a tillering dwarf mutant with darker-green leaves derived from an indica cultivar IR64 treated with EMS is characterized. The mutant, designated as tddl(t), is nonallelic to the known tiilering dwarf mutants. It is controlled by one recessive nuclear gene, TDDL(T), and grouped into the dn-type dwarfism according to Takeda's definition. The dwarfism of the mutant is independent of gibberellic acid based on the analyses of two GA-mediated processes. The independence of brassinosteroid (BR) and naphthal-3-acetic acid (NAA) of the tddl(t) mutant, together with the decreased size of parenchyma cells in the vascular bundle, indicates that the TDDL(7) gene might participate in another hormone pathway. TDDL(T) is fine mapped within an 85.51 kb region on the long arm of rice chromosome 4, where 20 ORFs are predicted by RiceGAAS (http://ricegaas.dna.affrc. go.jp/rgadb/). Further cloning of TDDL(T) will benefit both marker assisted selection (MAS) of plant architecture and dissection of the molecular mechanism underlying tillering dwarf in rice. 相似文献
8.
Serum resistance-associated (SRA) protein, a protein unique for Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, is responsible for resistance of this parasite to the lysis by normal human serum (NHS) and is a vital molecular marker
to distinguish this species from other African trypanosomes. We cloned and sequenced the SRA basic copy (SRAbc) gene from T. b. rhodesiense and related species and found that this gene is confined to the subgenus Trypanozoon. The average 82% identity among the sequenced SRAbc genes indicates that they may have a common origin and are highly conserved. Since SRAbc coexists in the T. b. rhodesiense genome with SRA, we propose that SRAbc might be the ‘donor VSG’, which after duplication became inserted into the expression site by recombination. Under natural
selection, SRAbc could reform into SRA following mosaic formation.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30570245, 30670275), Changjiang Scholars and Innovative
Research Team in University (Grant No. DPCKSCU/IRT0447), International Foundation for Science of Sweden (Grant No. B/4318-1),
Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (Grant No. Z60220518) and Education Foundation of the Czech Republic (Grant No. 2B06129) 相似文献
9.
LSD1-related proteins of Arabidopsis with LSDl-like zinc finger domains regulate disease resistance and programmed cell death (PCD). We cloned a rice OsLOL2 gene, orthologous to LSD1 of Arabidopsis and expressed it in a tobacco plant. Transgenic tobacco lines displayed enhanced disease resistance to a virulent bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci (Pst). RT-PCR analysis showed that overexpression of OsLOL2 in transgenic tobacco lines resulted in upregulation of two pathogenesis-related (PR) protein genes, PR2 and PR5. Our results suggest that overexpression of OsLOL2 in transgenic tobacco enhances the resistance through the induction of PR proteins and hypersensitive response-like reaction. 相似文献
10.
11.
转betA/als基因棉花生存竞争力和基因漂流的调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对导入乙酰乳酸合成酶突变基因als及来自大肠杆菌的胆碱脱氢酶基因betA的棉花纯合株系T3、T4代植株的田间农艺学性状和基因漂流进行了研究。 结果表明,与野生型对照鲁棉研19相比,转betA/als基因棉花涉及生存竞争力的一些农艺学性状,如种子繁殖能力、贮存后活力以及盐碱地条件下的经济产量等显著提高,转基因棉花的棉花纤维马克隆值下降,其它农艺学性状无明显差别;获得的转基因性状之一除草剂抗性遗传稳定,并在田间表达良好;在转基因棉花释放区面积为6?m×6?m的条件下,als基因通过花粉介导进入野生型棉花的频率随着非转基因棉花种植区与释放区之间的距离增大而迅速降低,采取适当的隔离距离(大于200?m),可以避免外源基因逃逸事件的发生。但设置隔离区时应考虑昆虫对花粉传播等不确定因素的影响,适当加大隔离距离。 相似文献
12.
Biological mechanism of controlling cotton aphid (Homoptera: aphididae) by the marginal alfalfa zone surrounding cotton field 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
At the beginning stage of cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) invading the cotton field, large numbers of insects have accumulated in the marginal alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) zone surrounding it. They are 6.94 times (excluded natural enemies) as many as the aphids in cotton field. Most of these
insects areTherioaphid maculata (Buckton), and occur in fields 10–15 d earlier than cotton aphids. Consequently, abundant natural enemies have bred in alfalfa
zone when cotton aphids increase rapidly in cotton fields in the middle of June in Xinhe County, Xinjiang Autonomous Region.
The total number of the major natural enemies, including Coccinellids, Chrysopids and Syphid flies in alfalfa zone, is 13.65
times that in cotton field within the same acreage of fields. At this period, it is very effective to force the natural enemies
from the alfalfa zone into the nearby cotton field to control the rapid increase of cotton aphid population by cutting the
alfalfa stands. 相似文献
13.
Overexpression of the yeastHAL2 gene increases salt tolerance of yeast and plant. RiceHAL2-like (RHL) gene was introduced into ajaponica rice cultivar HJ19 withAgrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Transgenic plants in R0 generation were selected on the principle of GUS-positive,RHL gene PCR-positive and normal growth. Hygromycin-resistant plants of some transgenic lines in R1 generation increased salt tolerance during the seedling and booting stage, being less damaged in the cytomembrane and stronger
in leaf tissue viability under salt stress during booting period. Southern analysis of transgenic lines tolerant to salt in
R1 generation showed that theRHL gene expression cassette had been successfully integrated into rice genome. Moreover, gene engineering breeding methodology
and really salt-tolerant rice cultivar were discussed. 相似文献
14.
Xiang Fang Zhen Yan Zheng Wen-xuan Deng Feng-jiao Wang Xiao-kai Zhang Xi-yuan 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2004,9(6):979-982
vasa gene expression pattern during oogenesis of zebrafish was examined usingin situ hybridization and fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR. During zebrafish oogensis,vasa mRNA is expressed strongly and uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm in stage II oocytes, followed by a distribution among
vacuome in stage III. Later in stage IV and V,vasa mRNA is enriched at the cortex and finally localized at the cortex. The fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR shows that the quantity
ofvasa mRNA decreases from stage II to stage III, but remains relatively invariable from stage III to stage V. The observed differences
invasa mRNA expression in the different stages of zebrafish oogenesis suggest thatvasa gene plays an important role during oogenesis.
Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30370744, 30150005)
Biography: XIANG Fang (1979-), male, Master candidate, research direction: molecular development of animals. 相似文献
15.
红色赤潮藻(Akashiwo sanguinea)和球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)都是近年来在我国近岸海域频繁引发赤潮的藻类。为了探索红色赤潮藻和球形棕囊藻之间是否存在化感作用及作用方式,本研究采用不同起始密度培养红色赤潮藻与球形棕囊藻,并将前者的完整细胞培养液、无细胞滤液、藻液超声破碎液分别与球形棕囊藻进行混合培养,分析红色赤潮藻对球形棕囊藻细胞生长的影响。结果显示,在红色赤潮藻细胞起始密度保持5×105 cells/L的混合培养条件下,起始密度分别为5×105、1×106、2×106、1×107 cells/L的球形棕囊藻生长均受到明显的抑制;无论是含有红色赤潮藻完整细胞的培养液,还是其无细胞滤液或藻液超声破碎液,均对球形棕囊藻的生长具有显著抑制作用(P<0.01),抑制强度由强至弱依次为完整细胞培养液、无细胞滤液和藻液超声破碎液;相反,球形棕囊藻的存在对红色赤潮藻细胞的生长无显著影响(P>0.05)。因此,红色赤潮藻具有抑制球形棕囊藻生长... 相似文献
16.
目的建立石柑子的质量分析方法。方法根据2015版《中国药典》的实验方法对石柑子药材的水分、总灰分及醇浸出物进行测定。结果广西13批不同采集时间和不同地域的石柑子药材均具有相同的植物形态和药材性状,实验测定结果为水分为9.54%~11.39%,总灰分为7.21%~9.58%,酸不溶性灰分为0.94%~2.08%,浸出物为7.96%~10.83%。结论本研究的石柑子鉴别方法,可用于该药材的质量控制分析,该实验研究结果可为建立石柑子药材的质量标准提供科学依据,以便更好的开发利用其药材。 相似文献
17.
植物叶片在生长发育过程中,近-远轴极性的建立与维持是叶片正常行使光合效应、呼吸作用、蒸腾作用的结构基础. HD-ZIP III是重要的叶片近轴极性基因,本研究在菠菜(Spinacia oleracea)基因组中鉴定到3个HD-ZIP III基因家族成员,依次命名为SoHB1,SoHB2和SoHB3,并对其蛋白理化性质、保守结构域和进化关系进行了分析. 研究结果表明:3个HD-ZIP III蛋白都具有4个保守结构域. 共线性分析表明:菠菜SoHB1,SoHB2和SoHB3分别与拟南芥ATHB8,ATREV和ATHB15存在共线性关系. 启动子顺式作用元件预测结果表明:菠菜HD-ZIP III家族基因启动子上游包含光响应、逆境胁迫反应、激素响应等顺式作用元件. 在不同叶型菠菜种质中的表达模式分析结果表明:单戟型叶片的SoHBs表达量最高;此外,经干旱胁迫处理后,SoHB1,SoHB2和SoHB3的基因表达量普遍下降;对菠菜包括根、茎、薹叶、功能叶、薹叶柄、功能叶柄等部位进行表达分析,发现SoHB1在根部表达最为丰富,SoHB2和SoHB3在薹叶处表达最为丰富. 相似文献
18.
【目的】筛选出适合以黄精浸渣为主料(60%以上)栽培的食用菌品种,并确定相应的高产栽培配方。【方法】在含60%黄精浸渣的菌包上接种不同品种的食用菌,对比其菌丝生长和出菇情况,筛选出适应性较好的食用菌;以不同黄精浸渣含量的配方进行栽培,通过对生物转化率和利润率的比较,筛选出最佳配方。【结果】配方3栽培榆黄蘑T2的平均生物转化率达到136%,平均利润率为72%;配方2栽培猴头一号的平均生物转化率达到105%,平均利润率为70%。【结论】榆黄蘑T2和猴头一号能健康地消化利用黄精浸渣,并带来较好的经济效益。 相似文献
19.
在45m2室内人工模拟自然条件下进行褐家鼠和黄胸鼠取食行为生态学特征的研究。观察结果显示,两种鼠对所提供的食物的日平均取食量和觅食时所付出的活动行为强度均无明显差异,但在日内的7时、15时和23时之间的摄食量和活动量的差异均极显著。当所提供的食物源有选择机会时,褐家鼠选择的平均取食量是玉米碎>稻谷>大米;黄胸鼠是玉米碎>大米>稻谷,无食物选择机会时褐家鼠的取食量是稻谷>玉米碎>大米;黄胸鼠是大米>玉米碎>稻谷。褐家鼠和黄胸鼠在寻找选择食物的过程中,通常付出的活动行为强度(量)是23时点>7时点>15时点。褐家鼠和黄胸鼠的取食行为特征表现可用“摄食时间+食物源+行为反应”的模式表示。同时指出鼠的取食行为与防治实践之间关系的重要性。 相似文献