二维无序系统无序度和本征能量对局域化长度的影响

利用蒙特卡洛模拟方法,研究了无序度和本征能量对局域化长度的影响.研究结果表明:随着无序度的增大,系统的电子态出现局域化现象,局域化长度逐渐减小,而且对应于不同的能量本征值;电子的局域化程度不同,能带中心出现准扩展态,系统内部出现类金属行为.     

准一维无序体系电子局域化及输运特性

在单电子紧束缚近似下,利用多对角全随机厄米矩阵算法,结合负本征值理论和无限阶微扰理论及传输矩阵方法,研究准一维多链无序体系中电子波函数局域化特性及其电子输运特性。研究结果表明:由于格点能量无序,准一维多链无序体系电子波函数呈现出局域化特性;格点能量无序度减小会导致在中间能区发生退局域化现象,表现为在中间能区电子波函数的局域长度大于体系格点数,即出现扩展态,且出现扩展态的能量区间随着无序度的减小而增大的趋势;同时,随着链数的增加,体系有向退局域化方向发展的趋势;在中间能区电子输运透射系数较大,而在低能区及高能区透射系数较小,同时,格点能量无序与维度效应对体系的电子输运存在竞争效应,当体系格点数及链数一定时,体系的透射系数随着格点能量无序度的增大而减小,而当体系格点数及格点能量无序度一定时,准一维多链无序体系的透射系数随着体系链数的增大而增大。     

一维无序系统电子结构

本文应用负本征值理论方法,计算了含有上万个粒子的一维无序系统的电子态密度,针对无序程度和系统大小等物理量,讨论了无序系统的电子结构。结果表明,随着无序程度的变大,电子的局域化程度加强,而随着无序系统的变大,局域化的电子数增多。     

H_2~+解离中电子局域化对激光强度的依赖性

利用非波恩-奥本海默近似下数值求解含时薛定谔方程(TDSE)的方法,研究了激光强度对强场驱动氢分子离子(H2+)解离过程中电子局域化的影响.结果显示,电子局域化程度强烈依赖于激光强度.随着激光强度的增大,电子局域化程度呈现先上升后下降的趋势.通过分别研究核波包和电子波包的含时演化,发现这是解离概率在起主要作用.进一步研究显示有效实现电子位置调控的驱动激光场强度范围在4×1014～1×1015W/cm2.     

一维纳米材料中电子局域态分布

从一维纳米随机链模型出发,在考虑近邻、次近邻相互作用的情况下,运用多对角全随机厄米矩阵求解方法计算了一维纳米材料的电子局域态中心位置.针对晶界无序度和晶粒大小,讨论了材料中的电子局域态分布.研究结果表明:局域态中心位置随能量的改变而改变,并且在不同的能量范围内局域态分布不同,在某些能量范围内,能量变化很小而局域位置变化很大,电子跳跃很容易发生,而在另一些能量范围内,能量变化很大但局域位置变化很小,电子跳跃难以发生,因而直接影响材料的导电、导热等性能;晶界无序度和晶粒大小对局域态分布影响很大,当晶界无序度变小时,体系趋向有序,局域态位置随能量的变化呈一定程度的周期性;而当晶粒粒径变小时,晶界的作用增强,无序作用也相应增强,局域态增多,分布密度增大.     

对称Anderson晶格的反铁磁极化

考虑最近邻格点 f电子的电荷相关和自旋相关,用局域方法研究了对称 An-derson 晶格中由局域磁矩引起的极化。结果表明,极化总是反铁磁的;当同一格点相反自旋 f 电子间的库仑作用增大或 d-f 电子间杂化强度减小时,这种反铁磁极化变强。     

二维无序系统的电子性质

用改进了的 Recursion 方法研究二维无序系统的电子性质。计算了二维无序系统的电子态密度、迁移率边界、局域化临界点以及直流电导率。结果表明,与对角无序系统相比,对角及非对角无序系统以及存在次近邻跳跃的系统局域性质均发生变化,非对角无序的影响取决于其大小,而次近邻跳跃的存在总是使电子态趋于延展。     

一维光波导阵列的安德逊局域化

采用数值模拟的方法,研究了一维光波导阵列的安德逊模型,结果表明,安德逊模型的引入,会导致光波导阵列光波传导的性质的改变。对角无序导致的局域化现象,导致光波经历一段时间传播后会局域到特定位点。而随着无序度的提高,系统中局域态的数目会增加,而单一局域态的定域化长度会减小。     

准一维系统中Lyapunov指数的性质?

建立了Anderson模型的传输矩阵,并采用传输矩阵法求解了准一维系统中的Lyapuov指数(LE),LE与电子局域化长度成反比,LE很好地描述了电子的局域化性质.通过计算SPS理论中的τ值,研究了在一维系统中成立的标度方程是否适用于准一维系统.本文还给出了多条链中不同通道的LE之间关联的计算方法,计算了2个通道和3个通道之间关联随着系统无序度的变化情况.     

La_(5/8)Ca_(3/8)Mn_(1-x)Co_xO_3(x≤0.1)体系电阻率低温最小值现象的散射机制

主要研究了La5/8Ca3/8Mn1-xCoxO3(x≤0.1)体系的低温电输运特性.在全温区,电阻率随温度变化曲线出现双绝缘—金属转变峰现象;各样品均在25 K附近存在一个有趣的低温电阻最小值现象,外加磁场可使其向低温区移动并产生抑制作用.通过对La5/8Ca3/8Mn1-xCoxO3(x≤0.1)样品在25 K附近的电输运特性进行的拟合分析,表明存在着弹性和非弹性散射过程的竞争,可用库仑相互作用和非弹性电子散射解释.拟合参数值的变化表明来自电子—电子、电子—声子及电子—磁子散射的共同作用,且电子—电子相互作用随着Co掺杂量的增加而增强,这与样品在低温下存在的铁磁—反铁磁相互竞争产生的团簇玻璃态有关.随着Co掺杂量增大,FM团簇减少且自旋冻结,使载流子局域化增强而导致电阻率增大.证明了与磁场和温度有关的电子散射进程引起电子的局域化效应乃是导致体系输运行为发生变化的主要原因.     

Dirac电子Landau能态的轴对称解

本文得到Dirac电子在均匀磁场中Landau能态的轴对称解,讨论了电子的运动特点,并证明了此解的非相对论近似就是能量与总角动量沿磁场分量的共同本征态。     

Designer Dirac fermions and topological phases in molecular graphene

The observation of massless Dirac fermions in monolayer graphene has generated a new area of science and technology seeking to harness charge carriers that behave relativistically within solid-state materials. Both massless and massive Dirac fermions have been studied and proposed in a growing class of Dirac materials that includes bilayer graphene, surface states of topological insulators and iron-based high-temperature superconductors. Because the accessibility of this physics is predicated on the synthesis of new materials, the quest for Dirac quasi-particles has expanded to artificial systems such as lattices comprising ultracold atoms. Here we report the emergence of Dirac fermions in a fully tunable condensed-matter system-molecular graphene-assembled by atomic manipulation of carbon monoxide molecules over a conventional two-dimensional electron system at a copper surface. Using low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, we embed the symmetries underlying the two-dimensional Dirac equation into electron lattices, and then visualize and shape the resulting ground states. These experiments show the existence within the system of linearly dispersing, massless quasi-particles accompanied by a density of states characteristic of graphene. We then tune the quantum tunnelling between lattice sites locally to adjust the phase accrual of propagating electrons. Spatial texturing of lattice distortions produces atomically sharp p-n and p-n-p junction devices with two-dimensional control of Dirac fermion density and the power to endow Dirac particles with mass. Moreover, we apply scalar and vector potentials locally and globally to engender topologically distinct ground states and, ultimately, embedded gauge fields, wherein Dirac electrons react to 'pseudo' electric and magnetic fields present in their reference frame but absent from the laboratory frame. We demonstrate that Landau levels created by these gauge fields can be taken to the relativistic magnetic quantum limit, which has so far been inaccessible in natural graphene. Molecular graphene provides a versatile means of synthesizing exotic topological electronic phases in condensed matter using tailored nanostructures.     

爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论之间的矛盾

本文通过联合考虑爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论,发现在爱因斯坦引力理论和狄拉克电子理论之间关于电子场的能量动量运动存在着一个矛盾。这个矛盾表明爱因斯坦引力理论不能描述带半整数自旋的粒子的引力作用。如果假设狄拉克电子理论是正确的,我们必须修改爱因斯坦引力理论。     

关于电子场的狄拉克方程的研讨

论述狄拉克方程的对称形式和电子场的狄拉克方程并给出狄拉克矩阵的积的迹的计算。     

The effects of the guide field on the structures of electron density depletions in collisionless magnetic reconnection

Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed to investigate the formation of electron density depletions in collisionless magnetic reconnection.In anti-parallel reconnection,the quadrupole structures of the out-of-plane magnetic field are formed,and four symmetric electron density depletion layers can be found along the separatrices due to the effects of magetic mirror.With the increase of the initial guide field,the symmetry of both the out-of-plane magnetic field and electron density depletion layers is distorted.When the initial guide field is sufficiently large,the electron density depletion layers along the lower left and upper right separatrices disappear.The parallel electric field in guide field reconnection is found to play an important role in forming such structures of the electron density depletion layers.The structures of the out-of-plane magnetic field By and electron depletion layers in anti-parallel and guide field reconnection are found to be related to electron flow or in-plane currents in the separatrix regions.In anti-parallel reconnection,electrons flow towards the X line along the separatrices,and are directed away from the X line along the magnetic field lines just inside the separatrices.In guide field reconnection,electrons can only flow towards the X line along the upper left and lower right separatrices due to the existence of the parallel electric field in these regions.     

Electron dynamics in collisionless magnetic reconnection

Magnetic reconnection provides a physical mechanism for fast energy conversion from magnetic energy to plasma kinetic energy. It is closely associated with many explosive phenomena in space plasma, usually collisionless in character. For this reason, researchers have become more interested in collisionless magnetic reconnection. In this paper, the various roles of electron dynamics in collisionless magnetic reconnection are reviewed. First, at the ion inertial length scale, ions and electrons are decoupled. The resulting Hall effect determines the reconnection electric field. Moreover, electron motions determine the current system inside the reconnection plane and the electron density cavity along the separatrices. The current system in this plane produces an out-of-plane magnetic field. Second, at the electron inertial length scale, the anisotropy of electron pressure determines the magnitude of the reconnection electric field in this region. The production of energetic electrons, which is an important characteristic during magnetic reconnection, is accelerated by the reconnection electric field. In addition, the different topologies, temporal evolution and spatial distribution of the magnetic field affect the accelerating process of electrons and determine the final energy of the accelerated electrons. Third, we discuss results from simulations and spacecraft observations on the secondary magnetic islands produced due to secondary instabilities around the X point, and the associated energetic electrons. Furthermore, progress in laboratory plasma studies is also discussed in regard to electron dynamics during magnetic reconnection. Finally, some unresolved problems are presented.     

相对论情况下N-U方法求解电磁场中运动粒子的Dirac方程的束缚态

在相对论情况下,通过N-U方法求解电磁场中运动粒子的Dirac方程的束缚态解,并给出相应的束缚态能谱和相对论性的波函数.所得的结果与其他方法一致.     

Electron dynamics in collisionless magnetic reconnection with a PIC simulation

Two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation is used to investigate electron dynamics in collisionless magnetic reconnection, and the proton/electron mass ratio is taken to be m _i /m _e = 256. The results show that the presence of a strong initial guide field will change the direction of the electron flow. The electron density cavities and the parallel electric field can be found in the electron inflow region along the separatrix, and the electron inflow and density cavities only appear in the second and fourth quadrants. What is different from the results with a smaller mass ratio is that new structures appear in the diffusion region near the X line: (1) Narrow regions of density enhancement and density cavities can be found synchronously in this region; and (2) corresponding to the electron density changes near the X line, the strong parallel electric fields are found to occur in the first and third quadrants. These electric fields perhaps play a more important role in acceleration and heating electrons than those fields located in the density cavities. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40725013) and Open Research Program Foundation of State Key Laboratory for Space Weather, Chinese Academy Sciences