对数正态分布场合下循环序进应力加速寿命试验的统计分析

在产品寿命服从对数正态分布的场合下，讨论了循环序进应力加速寿命试验的模型，给出了相应的参数的两种统计分析方法：极大似然估计；极大似然估计与回归相结合的估计。     

对数正态分布恒加试验的参数估计

在对数正态分布场合,加速寿命试验数据的统计分析一般都假定尺度参数不随应力水平的变化而变化,但在有些实际问题中这一假定并不满足,为解决这一问题,王炳兴在。对数正态分布场合有非常数尺度参数恒加试验的参数估计”中给出了计算相对简单的点估计。在此基础上,对参数作一些改进,从而使改进后的参数估计在均方误差意义下更优。     

对数正态分布场合恒定应力加速寿命试验的MLE和AMLE

在寿命分布为对数正态分布场合，由恒定应力加速寿合试验所获的数据，给出未知参数的近似极大似然估计．     

对数正态分布下序进应力加速寿命试验的统计分析

本文指出文献（１）中一个错误，讨论了寿命分布为对数正态分布时序进应力加速寿命试验下，参数的点估计和区间估计。     

指数场合下简单步进应力加速寿命试验的优化设计改进

对指数场合下简单步进应力加速寿命试验的优化设计进行了改进,使得到的估计量的方差达到最小,提高了精度。     

指数场合下步进应力加速寿命试验优化设计的新方法

本文首先对指数场合下简单步进应力加速寿命实验的优化设计进行了改进，使得到的估计量的方差达到最小，提高了精度，同时给出了基本假定A3的数学含义（2），从而得到k个应力加速寿命试验优化设计的一种新方法．     

广义指数分布场合下简单步进应力加速寿命试验的最优设计

对加速寿命试验进行最优设计,不仅可以使产品的各种可靠性指标获得更准确的估计,而且也能够节省试验的时间和费用.针对简单步进应力加速寿命试验,以在正常应力水平下给定时间可靠性估计的渐进方差最小为标准,提出了定时截尾场合下,广义指数分布函数步进应力加速寿命试验的优化设计模型,并通过理论推导,得到了相应的优化设计方案.     

确定P—S—N曲线表达式的两种方法

采用新的应力疲劳公式,对白铜丝的疲劳试验结果进行了拟合,给出了具有理论疲劳极限的Ｓ－Ｎ曲线表达式．对疲劳寿命及拟合结果的统计分析表明：同一应力水平下的疲劳寿命遵从对数正态分布,疲劳抗力系数和理论疲劳极限也遵从对数正态分布．据此,给出了两种确定带存活率疲劳寿命曲线（Ｐ－Ｓ－Ｎ曲线）表达式的方法．     

基于加速寿命试验的IGBT模块寿命预测和失效分析

针对IGBT可靠性分析与寿命预测问题,提出了一种利用加速寿命试验对IGBT模块使用寿命进行预测的新方法.论述了加速寿命试验的原理与方法,提出采用对数正态分布描述IGBT模块的寿命分布,以阿伦尼斯模型为基础,利用极大似然估计法对试验数据进行统计与分析,建立了IGBT模块的寿命预测模型,实现了对正常应力下模块寿命的科学估计,并对IGBT模块的失效机理进行了详细分析.结果表明,IGBT模块寿命服从对数正态分布,纠正了以往认为其服从Weibull分布的错误思想.随结温差和平均结温的增大,IGBT模块寿命逐渐减小,并且当模块到达寿命终点时,其最终失效形式为热失效.     

对数正态分布场合下恒定应力加速寿命中含有缺失的定数截尾样本的AMLE

导出了对数正态分布场合下恒定应力加速寿命中含有缺失定数截尾样本的近似极大似然估计(AMLE)，得到了分布参数和加速方程中未知参数的AMLE的显式解，便于实际计算和工程应用，数值模拟的结果表明本方法可行．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.