| 光合作用放氧反应 |
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| 引用本文： | 张纯喜.光合作用放氧反应[J].自然杂志,2021,43(3):199-208. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张纯喜 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院化学研究所 光化学实验室，北京 100190 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(31770258、91961203) |
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| 摘 要： | 光合作用放氧中心(OEC)是植物光系统II(PSII)中利用太阳能高效、安全地将水氧化，释放出电子、质子和氧气的生物催化剂。OEC的合成、结构和催化机理及其仿生模拟一直是光合领域广受关注的研究热点和难点。近年PSII高分辨率晶体结构研究揭示出OEC是一个特殊的Mn4CaO5 簇合物，这一重要进展使人类可以在原子水平上探讨光合放氧反应的微观机理，同时也为OEC的人工合成提供了重要依据。我们近年来成功合成出结构和理化性能均与生物OEC类似的系列仿生Mn4CaO4簇合物，为研究OEC的微观机理提供了理想的化学模型，同时也为发展高效、廉价人工光合作用水裂解催化剂奠定了基础。目前无论是自然光合放氧研究，还是人工光合放氧研究都有大量重要的科学问题亟待深入研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 光合作用 光系统II 光合放氧反应 放氧中心 Mn4CaO5 簇合物 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-26 |
Photosynthetic oxygen-evolving reaction |
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| ZHANG Chunxi.Photosynthetic oxygen-evolving reaction[J].Chinese Journal of Nature,2021,43(3):199-208. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Chunxi |
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| Affiliation: | Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China |
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| Abstract: | Photosynthetic oxygen-evolving center in photosystem II (PSII) of plant is a unique biological catalyst that catalyzes thewater oxidation into electrons, protons and dioxygen in high efficiency and high safety using solar energy. Its synthesis, structure and
catalytic mechanism are great challenge in photosynthetic research. Recently, the high-resolution crystal structure of PSII has revealed the detailed structure of the unique Mn4CaO5-cluster of this natural catalyst. This advance provides a solid basis for the further investigation of the catalytic mechanism of photosynthetic oxygen-evolving reaction at an atom level, which is also a blueprint for the chemical synthesis of the OEC in laboratory. We have succeeded in synthesizing a series of artificial Mn4CaO4-clusters that closely mimic both the structure and physicochemical properties of the natural OEC in PSII. These synthetic Mn4CaO4-clusters provide a good chemical model to investigate the catalytic mechanism of the OEC and open a new direction for the development of high efficiency and low-cost artificial catalysts for the water-splitting reaction in future. Notably, there are still many scientific questions urgent to be answered in both natural and artificial photosynthetic oxygen evolution. |
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