For solving the low signal noise ratio and outliers elimination property in vibration signal of ball screw grinding, the Vibration signal filter method based on orthogonal multiscale wavelet analysis is proposed. Using the orthogonal multiscale wavelet analysis theory, the vibration signal is decomposed to the various scales and its property is analyzed respectively, then the vibration signal of high signal noise ratio and removed outliers is obtained by orthogonal wavelet reconstruction. After wavelet multi-scale decomposition and filtering reconstructed, not only is the signal noise ratio of vibration signal increased, but also outliers elimination property is well removed by simulation and real data analysis.