不同作物类型下土壤收缩变化研究
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桂林理工大学,桂林理工大学,桂林理工大学,桂林理工大学,桂林理工大学,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室

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S152

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国家自然科学基金(41501230);广西自然科学基金(2014GXNSFBA118098);广西矿冶与环境科学实验中心和广西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划项目资助。第一


The Research on Soil Shrinkage over Variant Underlying Croplands
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Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,State Key Lab of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science

Fund Project:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan)

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    摘要:

    土壤在饱和-风干失水过程中会发生收缩,往往伴随着表面下陷和出现裂缝的现象。本文在桂林市农业科学院通过采样来测定甘蔗、梨树、大豆试验地的土壤收缩变化并利用Soil Shrinkage Simulator软件进行土壤收缩曲线的拟合和收缩变化的分析。结果表明:SSS软件能够较好地拟合实测数据(r>0.97),土壤的收缩曲线整体结构是呈现“S”型,但不同试验地的土壤收缩仍存在一定差异。因梨树地容重小,总孔隙度大,有机质含量高以及免耕的耕作方式使其土壤结构疏松,含水量较高,从而导致它的土壤收缩程度最大;但甘蔗地和大豆地收缩程度较为接近,这与本文原假设的不同作物类型下甘蔗地土壤收缩大于大豆地相反。一方面由于甘蔗地垄沟种植使得部分表层土壤容重加大;另一方面,垄沟中存储的水分直接入渗到下层土壤,对表层土壤水分的贡献不大,这些均导致甘蔗地表层土壤收缩相较于大豆地不明显。因此,除了土壤自身性质外,耕作方式对土壤收缩也有着较大的影响。

    Abstract:

    Soil shrinkage happens in the process of saturation to air dry, often accompanied by the phenomenon of surface subsidence and cracks. The measured variations in soil shrinkage of sugar cane, pear tree, soybean experimental plots in Guilin agricultural scientific academy were fitted by Soil Shrinkage Simulator software. The results showed that the SSS software which fitted the measured data well (r > 0.97) presented the "S" type shrinkage curve in 3 plots, however, the differences were also found in three conditions. The lower bulk density companying with larger total porosity, higher organic content and no-tillage method in pear tree plot which induced to the loose soil structure and higher soil moisture content, finally caused the largest degree of soil shrinkage. Anyway such phenomenon was not observed in sugar-cane and soybean plots, which was opposite to our hypothesis (the soil shrinkage was greater in sugar-cane plot than in soybean plot). On the one hand, furrow planting of sugar-cane plot increased bulk density of partially superficial soil; on the other hand, water stored in the furrow directly infiltrating into the subsoil rarely contributed to the surface soil moisture. Both of them resulted in soil shrinkage of sugar-cane was not obvious than soybean’s. In a conclusion, expect for the soil properties itself, the land-use management had a great influence on soil shrinkage.

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马蕊,甘磊,张静举,等. 不同作物类型下土壤收缩变化研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2016, 16(12): .
MA Rui,,ZHANG Jing-ju, et al. The Research on Soil Shrinkage over Variant Underlying Croplands[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(12).

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-05
  • 最后修改日期:2016-01-05
  • 录用日期:2016-02-15
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-05-04
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