无患子不同器官中的总皂苷和总黄酮含量

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006060

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 83-89.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006060

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无患子不同器官中的总皂苷和总黄酮含量

徐圆圆¹(), 周思维¹, 陈仲¹, 赵国春¹, 刘济铭¹, 王立宪¹, 王昕¹, 贾黎明¹^,^*(), 张端光²

1.北京林业大学林学院,省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,国家能源非粮生物质原料研发中心,北京 100083
2.福建源华林业生物科技有限公司,福建建宁 354500

收稿日期:2020-06-30 接受日期:2020-08-08 出版日期:2021-07-30 发布日期:2021-07-30
通讯作者: 贾黎明
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32071793);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY100803)

Contents of the total saponins and total flavonoids in different organs of Sapindus mukorossi

XU Yuanyuan¹(), ZHOU Siwei¹, CHEN Zhong¹, ZHAO Guochun¹, LIU Jiming¹, WANG Lixian¹, WANG Xi¹, JIA Liming¹^,^*(), ZHANG Duanguang²

1. Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, College of forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
2. Yuanhua Forestry Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jianning 354500, China

Received:2020-06-30 Accepted:2020-08-08 Online:2021-07-30 Published:2021-07-30
Contact: JIA Liming

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究无患子皂苷和黄酮在不同器官中的含量及其在叶中的积累动态,并对彼此间相关关系进行探讨,可为无患子的综合高效利用提供参考。【方法】以无患子为材料,分别用香草醛-高氯酸比色法和分光光度法检测其花、果、枝、根等器官及8个时期叶片的总皂苷和总黄酮含量。【结果】总皂苷和总黄酮在不同器官中的分布存在差异,各器官中的总皂苷质量分数(0.98%~13.26%)均显著高于总黄酮质量分数(0.31%~1.74%);果皮中的总皂苷含量最高(13.26%),其次为花(5.68%~6.21%)和叶(4.11%,8个时期平均值);各器官中总黄酮质量分数由大到小顺序为:叶(1.74%,8个时期平均值)、花苞(0.88%)、花朵(0.74%)、根(0.53%)、枝(0.44%)、果皮(0.31%)。叶中总皂苷和总黄酮在1个年生长周期内的积累规律不同,总皂苷含量总体上呈逐渐升高趋势,总黄酮含量波动变化。总皂苷含量与总黄酮含量间存在一定的负相关关系。【结论】无患子总皂苷和总黄酮在不同器官中的分布及其在叶中的积累规律各异,皂苷和黄酮的积累可能存在着间接竞争关系;除传统利用果皮部位,花和叶也是积累皂苷和黄酮的主要器官,具有一定的应用价值,建议合理采收及开发利用。

关键词: 无患子, 器官, 皂苷, 黄酮

Abstract:

【Objective】Our aim was to study the contents of total saponins and total flavonoids in different organs, and their accumulation characteristics, in the leaves of soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi). We also aimed to analyze the correlations between them. This was done to provide a reference for the comprehensive and efficient utilization of S. mukorossi.【Method】The contents of total saponins and flavonoids in the flowers, fruits, branches, roots and leaves at eight growth stages of S. mukorossi were determined by spectrophotometry. 【Result】The total saponin and total flavonoid contents varied among the different organs. The levels of the total saponins in different organs (0.98%-13.26%) were significantly higher than those of the total flavonoids (0.31%-1.74%). The total saponin content in the pericarp was the highest (13.26%), followed by that in the flowers (5.68%-6.21%) and leaves (4.11%, the average of eight growth stages). The order of total flavonoid content in each organ was as follows: leaf (1.74%, the average of eight growth stages), flower bud (0.88%), flower (0.74%), root (0.53%), branch (0.44%) and pericarp (0.31%). The accumulation rules of the total saponins and total flavonoids in the leaves were different at different stages of the annual growth cycle. Overall, the total saponin content increased gradually and the total flavonoid content fluctuated. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between the total saponin and total flavonoid content. 【Conclusion】The distribution of the total saponins and total flavonoids in different organs, and their accumulation characteristics in leaves, are different. Moreover, here may be an indirect competitive relationship between the accumulation of saponins and flavonoids. In addition to the pericarp, flowers and leaves are the main organs for the accumulation of saponins and flavonoids, which have a certain application value that can be reasonably collected and utilized.

Key words: soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi), organ, saponins, flavonoids

中图分类号:

S567

徐圆圆,周思维,陈仲,等. 无患子不同器官中的总皂苷和总黄酮含量[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 83-89.

XU Yuanyuan, ZHOU Siwei, CHEN Zhong, ZHAO Guochun, LIU Jiming, WANG Lixian, WANG Xi, JIA Liming, ZHANG Duanguang. Contents of the total saponins and total flavonoids in different organs of Sapindus mukorossi[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(4): 83-89.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006060.

图/表 4

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器官 organs	L8	F1	B	R	P	SC	SK
L8	1.000
F1	-1.000^**/-0.566	1.000
B	0.790/-0.999^*	-0.795/0.532	1.000
R	0.563/-0.981	-0.569/0.716	0.951/0.972	1.000
P	0.097/-0.979	-0.090/0.723	-0.533/0.970	-0.768/1.000^**	1.000
SC	0.795/NA	-0.799/NA	1.000^**/NA	0.949/NA	-0.527/NA	1.000
SK	-0.986/NA	0.985/NA	-0.677/NA	-0.418/NA	-0.261/NA	-0.683/NA	1.000

无患子不同器官中的总皂苷和总黄酮含量

Contents of the total saponins and total flavonoids in different organs of Sapindus mukorossi

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[1]	王改萍, 章雷, 曹福亮, 丁延朋, 赵群, 赵慧琴, 王峥. 红蓝光质对银杏苗木生长生理特性及黄酮积累的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(2): 105-112.
[2]	赵亚楠, 孙天骅, 王利峰, 许强, 刘军侠, 高宝嘉, 周国娜. 油松抗性相关激素与代谢物对油松毛虫取食与剪叶刺激的响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 219-226.
[3]	樊晓芸, 郭素娟, 李艳华, 江锡兵. 板栗果实褐变度与总酚和总黄酮的相关性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 159-166.
[4]	李婷婷, 国靖, 汪贵斌. 外源ABA对银杏叶黄酮类化合物体内合成的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(4): 88-94.
[5]	崔祺, 吴昀, 李东泽, 吴凡, 韩蕊莲, 黄均华, 胡绍庆. 彩叶桂叶片发育过程中叶色表型与色素成分变化[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(2): 79-86.
[6]	叶威, 李强, 陈颖, 胡菲, 胡宇辰, 吴琴霞, 曹福亮. 雌、雄株和金叶银杏光合生理及黄酮成分年动态变化研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(4): 77-86.
[7]	徐展宏, 朱莹, 金慧颖, 孙操稳, 方升佐. 不同叶色青钱柳叶片色素、多酚含量及光合特性的差异[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(2): 103-110.
[8]	王福根, 卫星杓, 赵国春, 贾黎明. 无患子细根形态及垂直分布特征对配方施肥措施的响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 58-66.
[9]	刘俊涛, 仲静, 刘济铭, 罗水晶, 王冕之, 范嘉霖, 贾黎明. 无患子初果期人工林土壤和叶片C、N、P化学计量特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 67-75.
[10]	郑玉琳, 刘济铭, 史双龙, 贾黎明, 翁学煌, 罗水晶, 盛克寨. 无患子果实成熟过程及其油脂、皂苷动态变化[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 76-82.
[11]	张赟齐, 刘晨, 刘阳, 叶常奇, 张萌, 贾黎明, 郝艳宾, 苏淑钗. 叶幕微域环境对无患子果实产量和品质的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(5): 189-198.
[12]	林源, 陈培, 周明明, 尚旭岚, 方升佐. 天然居群青钱柳叶主要生物活性物质及抗氧化活性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(2): 10-16.
[13]	寇晓琳, 谢楠, 吴彩娥, 范龚健, 洑香香. 青钱柳产黄酮类物质真菌的分离与鉴定[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(2): 26-34.
[14]	李文建,沈永宝,史锋厚,贾文庆. 建兰花色形成的成分检测[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 62(04): 57-62.
[15]	吴雅琼,国靖,周琦,胥猛,汪贵斌,徐立安. 不同产地银杏黄酮及相关活性物质含量变异分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 62(03): 183-188.