基于三参Weibull分布的泥石流降雨动态预警模型
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成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室

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P642.23

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国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)


The dynamic precipitation forecasting model of debris flow based on Weibull distribution
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State Key Laboratory of Geo-hazard Prevention and Geo-environment Protection,Chengdu

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    摘要:

    降雨是触发泥石流灾害的重要因素。现有的泥石流预警模型多为半定量的预警,它们通过划分不同的预警级别来预报灾情,没有做到任意时刻泥石流爆发的定量计算。通过分析文家沟5次大型泥石流灾害的降雨数据,引入泥石流爆发降雨驱动指标 RTI并运用三参Weibull分布确定了绵竹市清平镇文家沟泥石流的降雨阈值,提出了计算任意雨量下的泥石流的瞬时发生概率,最后通过Weibull分布结果和泥石流堆积方量的计算值拟合出文家沟泥石流爆发概率和堆积方量的关系。该模型不仅实现了文家沟泥石流灾害的动态定量预警,同时也给出了任意概率下泥石流堆积方量的域值区间。最后以2012年8.13文家沟泥石流事件为例验证了该模型,本文说明三参Weibull分布可以用于泥石流分析并建立预警模型,可将此法推广到其他地质灾害的分析及预警中。

    Abstract:

    Rainfall is an important factor triggering mudslides. Existing models of debris flow warning are more of semi-quantitative methods which divides different alert level to forecast disasters and it cannot calculate the mudflow’s exact volume at any moment. By analyzing the precipitation of five major debris flow happened in Wenjia Gilly, introducing debris flow driving rainfall index RTI and applying Weibull distribution altogether to determine the limit precipitation of Wenjia gully, QingPing town, MianZhu city, to propose a model for calculating the instant probability of debris flow at any precipitation, thus obtaining the Wenjia gully’s relational expression between mudflow outbreak probability and its deposit volumes based on results of Weibull distribution and volumes of mudslide deposit. This model is not only to achieve a dynamic quantitative -warning of Wenjia gully debris flow, but also give the scope of debris deposits at any probability. Eventually this model was verified by the mudflow event happened in Wenjia gully on August 13th 2012. It can be safely concluded that Weibull distribution can be effectively applied in debris flow’s early waring and this method should be expanded to other waring analyses of geo-disasters

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引用本文

魏兰婷,许强,杨琴. 基于三参Weibull分布的泥石流降雨动态预警模型[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2015, 15(34): .
WEI Lan-ting,,Yang Qin. The dynamic precipitation forecasting model of debris flow based on Weibull distribution[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(34).

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  • 收稿日期:2015-07-24
  • 最后修改日期:2015-08-21
  • 录用日期:2015-09-02
  • 在线发布日期: 2015-12-09
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