In order to discuss the application values of the dendrochemistry for the research of urban environment pollution, using wet digested method and ICP mass spectrometer, we analyzed the concentration of S and Pb elements for the tree rings of spruce (Picea asperata) form the campus of Chang’an University in Xi’an city. The concentration of S and Pb elements are compared with the primary energy consumption and the quantity of automotive vehicles in recent years in Xi’an city. The analysis results indicate that the concentration of S elements in annual rings has a positive correlation with atmospheric SO2 pollution which was caused chiefly by the coal combustion. The concentration of Pb elements in tree rings has a positive correlation with the automobile emission which became more and more serious with the fast rise in number of vehicle fleet. In recent years, exhausted gas contamination of vehicle becomes the main factor for air pollution in Xi’an city.